{"id":1477,"date":"2024-03-07T19:04:27","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T19:04:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/?p=1477"},"modified":"2024-03-07T19:05:54","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T19:05:54","slug":"to-invest-in-womens-economic-empowerment-finance-solutions-from-the-ground-up","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/fr\/to-invest-in-womens-economic-empowerment-finance-solutions-from-the-ground-up\/","title":{"rendered":"Investir dans l'\u00e9mancipation \u00e9conomique des femmes, financer des solutions \u00e0 partir de la base"},"content":{"rendered":"

Par Ayman Soliman<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dans son village rural du district de Chitoor, dans l'Andhra Pradesh, en Inde, Shakti rayonne de fiert\u00e9 devant un lopin de terre. \"Namma bhoomi\" - \"C'est notre terre\", dit Shakti.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e2ce aux revenus de sa terre, Shakti peut offrir trois repas par jour \u00e0 ses enfants et payer leurs frais de scolarit\u00e9. Shakti jouit \u00e9galement d'un nouveau statut dans son village et dans sa maison - un changement profond par rapport \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque o\u00f9 elle \u00e9tait une ouvri\u00e8re sans terre, gagnant environ $1 par jour. Pour Shakti, le contr\u00f4le des terres<\/a> a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 l'origine de ce changement.<\/p>\n

La terre : Une base pour l'autonomisation \u00e9conomique des femmes<\/strong><\/p>\n

Shakti a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d'un partenariat entre le gouvernement de l'Andhra Pradesh et la Banque mondiale, dans le cadre duquel Landesa a con\u00e7u un programme d'achat de terres qui fonctionne comme un microcr\u00e9dit. Les petits groupes d'entraide des villageois les plus pauvres - principalement des femmes - qui remplissent les conditions requises peuvent recevoir des subventions du gouvernement pour acheter des terres. Shakti et d'autres femmes sans terre de son village ont demand\u00e9 collectivement un pr\u00eat pour acheter un terrain. Avec l'aide d'assistants juridiques locaux, les femmes ont n\u00e9goci\u00e9 avec les vendeurs et se sont partag\u00e9 les parcelles de terre.<\/p>\n

Partout dans le monde, la terre est une identit\u00e9, un patrimoine, une source de fiert\u00e9 et, bien s\u00fbr, une ressource \u00e9conomique durable. La terre est essentielle pour maintenir les moyens de subsistance, assurer la stabilit\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et r\u00e9duire la pauvret\u00e9. Cependant, aujourd'hui, moins d'un propri\u00e9taire foncier sur cinq dans le monde est une femme, alors qu'elle repr\u00e9sente pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 de la main-d'\u0153uvre agricole mondiale et qu'elle est l'un des plus grands propri\u00e9taires fonciers du monde. produire jusqu'\u00e0 80 % des denr\u00e9es alimentaires dans les pays en d\u00e9veloppement<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 les avantages transformateurs pour des femmes comme Shakti, la discrimination fond\u00e9e sur le sexe en mati\u00e8re d'acc\u00e8s, de contr\u00f4le et de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de la terre reste un obstacle majeur \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation de l'\u00e9galit\u00e9 des sexes et de l'ind\u00e9pendance \u00e9conomique des femmes dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n

Les lois discriminatoires et les normes sociales font obstacle aux droits des femmes et \u00e0 leur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la terre dans les pays de l'Union europ\u00e9enne. plus de la moiti\u00e9 du monde<\/a>. Les lois et r\u00e8glements coutumiers et formels relatifs \u00e0 la terre et \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 sont discriminatoires \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard des femmes, et m\u00eame lorsque les lois garantissent les droits des femmes \u00e0 la terre, leur mise en \u0153uvre et leur application sont compliqu\u00e9es et insuffisantes.<\/p>\n

Cela a un impact sur le d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique dans les contextes ruraux et urbains. Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l'Institut international de recherche sur les politiques alimentaires (IFPRI) a montr\u00e9 que les droits fonciers des femmes ont une incidence sur les deux aspects suivants moyens de subsistance agricoles et non agricoles<\/a> en ouvrant l'acc\u00e8s au cr\u00e9dit pour l'investissement foncier. \u00c0 son tour, l'investissement foncier entra\u00eene une augmentation de la production agricole et facilite la diversification vers des moyens de subsistance non agricoles.<\/p>\n

La propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et le contr\u00f4le de la terre par les femmes peuvent \u00e9galement renforcer la r\u00e9silience aux effets du climat<\/a>Les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s entre les hommes et les femmes ont des effets positifs sur l'att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique et l'adaptation \u00e0 celui-ci, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des investissements fonciers qui favorisent le pi\u00e9geage du carbone, le renforcement des capacit\u00e9s d'adaptation, les mesures de conservation des sols et de l'eau et d'autres pratiques durables. \u00c0 l'inverse, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s entre les sexes en mati\u00e8re de contr\u00f4le et d'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la terre augmentent la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 des femmes aux effets du climat.<\/p>\n

Combler le foss\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de droits fonciers des femmes<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les avantages - en termes de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique, de r\u00e9silience climatique et de respect des droits humains des femmes - sont ind\u00e9niables, et le co\u00fbt de l'inaction est trop \u00e9lev\u00e9 si nous voulons progresser dans la r\u00e9alisation des objectifs de d\u00e9veloppement durable. Alors, que peut-on faire pour que les femmes et les filles b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient pleinement de droits fonciers plus forts ?<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Remettre en cause les normes sociales discriminatoires<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Les normes sociales et les perceptions \u00e0 l'encontre de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re des femmes sont souvent plus puissantes que les lois \u00e9crites, ce qui constitue un obstacle majeur \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation des droits des femmes. Les Campagne \"Stand for Her Land<\/a>qui d\u00e9fend les droits fonciers des femmes de la base au niveau mondial, travaille sur le plaidoyer politique, les normes sociales et le changement de comportement par le biais d'un nombre croissant de coalitions nationales en Afrique, en Asie et en Am\u00e9rique latine.<\/p>\n

    En Colombie, le CINEP, chef de file de la coalition du S4HL, a organis\u00e9 l'\u00c9cole f\u00e9ministe pour soutenir la transformation des normes discriminatoires li\u00e9es \u00e0 la terre et au territoire et pour faire face \u00e0 la violence sexiste qui peut persister lorsque les femmes tentent d'acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la terre. Au Bangladesh, la campagne remet en question les perceptions sexistes de l'h\u00e9ritage par le biais de dialogues communautaires et d'une campagne de sensibilisation. la traditionnelle \"Pot Song\" (chanson de la marmite)<\/a> - une forme de conte populaire - sur le th\u00e8me des droits fonciers des femmes.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Donner aux femmes de la base les moyens de diriger<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Changer les normes et les pratiques sociales discriminatoires n'est pas une t\u00e2che facile, surtout lorsque ces normes sont influenc\u00e9es et ancr\u00e9es par des pratiques et des lois religieuses, comme dans les cas de l'h\u00e9ritage et du mariage. Cela n\u00e9cessite de consacrer et d'engager des ressources au niveau de la communaut\u00e9.<\/p>\n

      Les femmes de la base sont des leaders naturels dans l'effort de renforcement des droits fonciers des femmes. Elles comprennent le contexte et ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire au changement - sensibiliser, renforcer les capacit\u00e9s et changer la perception des femmes et des filles, non pas comme des citoyens de seconde zone, mais comme de puissants d\u00e9fenseurs du changement. Leur exemple puissant peut \u00e9galement viser \u00e0 mobiliser les hommes en faveur de la justice entre les sexes, en reconnaissant que les femmes, les hommes, leurs familles et leurs communaut\u00e9s ont tous \u00e0 gagner d'un r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrage des pouvoirs en faveur d'une plus grande \u00e9galit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

      Les normes sociales changent lorsque les gens modifient leurs perceptions et prennent conscience de l'int\u00e9r\u00eat qu'ils ont \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre un droit et \u00e0 plaider en sa faveur. C'est un r\u00f4le que les femmes de la base doivent absolument jouer.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Des solutions de financement \u00e0 partir de la base<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Pour changer les normes sociales, il faut une approche ascendante, que les communaut\u00e9s agissent et que les femmes de la base prennent conscience de leur voix et de leur r\u00f4le dans la conduite du changement. C'est pourquoi la communaut\u00e9 du d\u00e9veloppement doit prendre conscience de l'importance d'engager des ressources et des moyens financiers pour soutenir les femmes de la base, les organisations de la base et les mouvements de la base dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n

        Malgr\u00e9 les preuves, les droits fonciers des femmes restent sous-financ\u00e9s. Il faut du temps, de l'engagement et des ressources pour changer les normes sociales, et de nombreux d\u00e9fis se dressent sur la voie de la garantie des droits fonciers des femmes.<\/p>\n

        Lorsque les bailleurs de fonds s'engageront \u00e0 financer des programmes et des solutions \u00e0 long terme ax\u00e9s sur les femmes de la base, des millions de personnes se joindront \u00e0 Shakti pour entonner un chant mondial : Namma Bhoomi !<\/p>\n

        --<\/p>\n

        Ayman Soliman est responsable du programme de plaidoyer mondial chez Landesa.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Pour combler le foss\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de droits fonciers des femmes, nous devons remettre en question les normes sociales discriminatoires, donner aux femmes de la base les moyens de diriger et financer des solutions \u00e0 partir de la base. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"post_country":[25],"class_list":["post-1477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","post_country-india"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTo invest in women\u2019s economic empowerment, finance solutions from the ground up - Stand for Her Land Initiative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/fr\/to-invest-in-womens-economic-empowerment-finance-solutions-from-the-ground-up\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"To invest in women\u2019s economic empowerment, finance solutions from the ground up - 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Shakti beams with pride as she holds her patta \u0096 the title to her land. Before she became a landowner, she was among the poorest of the poor, a landless laborer earning only a day and struggling to provide even one meal a day for her family. In her rural village in the Chitoor district in Andhra Pradesh, she had few options. She worked as a seasonal agricultural laborer, when work was available. When it wasn\u0092t, she worked as a stone crusher, a physically exhausting and dangerous job. She owned only one sari and could only afford to feed her children rice gruel. When Shakti attained secure land rights, all of that changed. In partnership with the Andhra Pradesh government and the World Bank, Landesa designed a land purchase program that works like micro-lending. Qualifying small self-help groups of the poorest villagers \u0096 mainly women \u0096 are eligible to receive government grants to finance purchases of land available on the market. Shakti and other landless women in her village applied collectively for a loan to buy a plot of land. With assistance from local paralegals, the women negotiated with sellers and split the land parcels among themselves. Today, Shakti has new status in her village and in her home. She has control over the income from the land, and can now provide three meals a day with vital micro-nutrients for her children. Even better, Shakti can now afford to send her children to school and give them a brighter future of opportunity. \u0093Namma bhoomi,\u0094 says Shakti, pointing to the fields behind her. 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Shakti beams with pride as she holds her patta \u0096 the title to her land. Before she became a landowner, she was among the poorest of the poor, a landless laborer earning only a day and struggling to provide even one meal a day for her family. In her rural village in the Chitoor district in Andhra Pradesh, she had few options. She worked as a seasonal agricultural laborer, when work was available. When it wasn\u0092t, she worked as a stone crusher, a physically exhausting and dangerous job. She owned only one sari and could only afford to feed her children rice gruel. When Shakti attained secure land rights, all of that changed. In partnership with the Andhra Pradesh government and the World Bank, Landesa designed a land purchase program that works like micro-lending. Qualifying small self-help groups of the poorest villagers \u0096 mainly women \u0096 are eligible to receive government grants to finance purchases of land available on the market. Shakti and other landless women in her village applied collectively for a loan to buy a plot of land. With assistance from local paralegals, the women negotiated with sellers and split the land parcels among themselves. Today, Shakti has new status in her village and in her home. She has control over the income from the land, and can now provide three meals a day with vital micro-nutrients for her children. Even better, Shakti can now afford to send her children to school and give them a brighter future of opportunity. \u0093Namma bhoomi,\u0094 says Shakti, pointing to the fields behind her. Her daughter, now literate and studying English, translates. \u0093This is our land.\u0094 For Shakti and her family, a little land went a very long way."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/to-invest-in-womens-economic-empowerment-finance-solutions-from-the-ground-up\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"To invest in women\u2019s economic empowerment, finance solutions from the ground up"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/stand4herland.org\/","name":"L'initiative \"Stand for Her Land\" (D\u00e9fendre sa terre)","description":"Ses droits. Sa terre. 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